Summary of docker commands

RogerApril 29, 2021About 4 min

概述

docker 的命令有很多，包括容器，镜像，网络，存储卷等等，现总结如下。

基础

Dockerfile 的格式

FROM ubuntu
LABEL maintainer="maintainer_name" email="email_address"
ARG name="arg"
RUN apt update && apt upgrade -y && apt install inetutils-ping net-tools
ONBUILD RUN echo "HELLO WORLD"
ADD sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config
COPY sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config
CMD ["/user/sbin/sshd", "-D"]
WORKDIR /tmp
ENV hello="HELLO"
USER root
VOLUME ["/tmp"]
HEALTHCHECK --interval=10s --timeout=10s --start-period=10s --retries=3 CMD wget -o - -q http://localhost
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"]

命令行运行容器命令

docker run -it -dp 8080:80 -w /tmp -e hello="HELLO" -u root ubuntu bash

docker images

docker images -a
docker images -f 'dangling=true'
docker images -q

docker pull

# -a all version
docker pull -a $image_name

docker push

docker push $image_name

docker search

docker search $image_name

docker build

docker build -t $new_image_name .

docker build -t $new_image_name - < $docker_file

docker build -f $docker_file .

docker build $docker_file_directory

# don't remove temp image
docker build --rm=false

docker rmi

docker rmi -f $image_name
docker rmi `docker images -aq`
docker rmi `docker images -qf dangling=true`

docker history

docker history $image_name

docker tag

docker tag $image_name $new_image_name
docker tag $image_name $new_image_name:$new_image_tag

docker export

docker export -o $path_to_file $container_name
docker export $container_name > $path_to_file

docker import

docker import $path_to_file $new_image_name
docker import - $new_image_name < $path_to_file
cat $path_to_file | docker import - $new_image_name
tar -c . | docker import - $new_image_name
docker import http://www.example.com/file

docker save

docker save -o $path_to_file $image_name
docker save $image_name > $path_to_file

docker load

docker load -i $path_to_file
docker load < $path_to_file

docker cp

docker cp $local_path $container_name:$container_path

docker cp $container_name:$container_path $local_path

docker commit

docker commit -m 'new image' $container_name $image_name

docker create

# just create container, don't run
docker create $image_name

docker diff

docker diff $container_name

docker kill

docker kill -s KILL $container_name
docker kill `docker ps -q`

docker logs

# follow
docker logs -f $container_name
# timestamp
docker logs -t $container_name
# last log
docker logs --tail=1 $container_name
# since
docker logs --since='2017-11-15' $container_name

docker ps

docker ps
# all
docker ps -a
# numeric
docker ps -q
# size
docker ps -s
# latest
docker ps -l
# latest 2 containers
docker ps -n 2
# id name label status exited
# running created restarting paused exited
docker ps -f 'status=running'

docker run

# 1.run mode
docker run -d -i -t $image_name
# 2.run param
docker run --name $image_name
docker run --cidfile=$path_to_file $image_name
# --pid --uts --ipc
docker run --pid= host rhel7 strace -p 1234 $image_name
# always no on-failure unless-stopped
docker run --restart=always $image_name
# run once
docker run --rm $image_name
# 3.network
# --dns --network --add-host --mac-address
# bridge container host none
docker run --network=bridge $image_name
# 4.other
# cmd
docker run $image_name cmd
# --entrypoint
docker run --entrypoint bash $image_name -c ls
# -p
docker run -p 80:5000 $image_name
# -P
docker run -P $image_name
# --link (it can get env from container_name in current container)
docker run --link $container_name:$container_alias $image_name
# -e
docker run -e key=value $image_name
# -v
docker run -v $outside_path:$inside_path $image_name
# volume-from
docker run --volume-from $data_container_name $image_name
# -u user
docker run -u $user_name $image_name
# -w workdir
docker run -w $workdir_name $image_name
# cpu mem
docker run -c 0 -m 128m $image_name

docker start

# start container with interactive
docker start -i $container_name

docker stop

docker stop -t 5 $container_name

docker restart

docker restart -t 5 $container_name

docker exec

# enter container
docker exec -it $container_name $path_to_container_bash
# file is local file
docker exec $container_name ls > $path_to_local_file

docker attach

# enter container, stop container when quit
docker attach $container_name

docker rename

docker rename $old_container_name $new_container_name

docker rm

# remove all containers
docker rm `docker ps -aq`
# force remove volume and container
docker rm -fv $container_name

docker pause

docker pause $container_name

docker unpause

docker unpause $container_name

docker wait

docker wait $container_name

docker port

docker port $container_name
docker port $container_name $expect_port

docker stats

docker stats $container_name

docker top

docker top $container_name

docker info

docker info

docker version

docker version

docker login

docker logout

docker logout

docker inspect

docker inspect $image_name|container_name
docker inspect -f '{{.property}}' $image_name|$container_name
docker instpct -f '{{index array 0}}' $image_name|$container_name
docker inspect -f '{{(index .HostConfig.PortBindings "5000/tcp" 0).HostPort}}' $web_container
docker inspect -f '{{json .property}}' $image_name|$container_name

docker events

docker events --since '2017-11-15' --until '2018-11-15' --filter 'event=stop' --filter 'image=image_name' --filter 'container=container_name'

容器命令

docker container attach

docker container attach $container_name

docker container commit

docker container commit -m 'new image' $container_name $image_name

docker container cp

docker container cp $local_path $container_name:$container_path
docker container cp $container_name:$container_path $local_path

docker container create

docker container create $image_name

docker container diff

docker container diff $container_name

docker container exec

# enter container
docker container exec -it $container_name bash
# file is local file
docker container exec $container_name ls > $path_to_local_file

docker container export

docker container export -o $path_to_file $container_name

docker container inspect

docker container inspect $container_name

docker container kill

docker container kill $container_name

docker container logs

docker container logs $container_name

docker container ls

docker container ls

docker container pause

docker container pause $container_name

docker container port

docker container port $container_name

docker container prune

# remove all stopped containers
docker container prune $container_name
# force remove all stopped containers
docker container prune -f $container_name

docker container rename

docker container rename $old_container_name $new_container_name

docker container restart

docker container restart -t 5 $container_name

docker container rm

docker container rm $container_name

docker container run

docker container run $image_name

docker container start

docker container start $container_name

docker container stats

docker container stats $continer_name

docker container stop

docker contianer stop $container_name

docker container top

docker container top $container_name

docker container unpause

docker container unpause $container_name

docker container update

docker container update $container_name

docker container wait

docker container wait $container_name

镜像命令

docker image build

docker image build -t $new_image_name .

docker image history

docker image history $image_name

docker image import

docker image import $path_to_file $new_image_name

docker image inspect

docker image inspect $image_name

docker image load

docker image load -i $path_to_file

docker image ls

docker image ls

docker image prune

# remove all dangling images
docker image prune
# force remove all dangling images
docker image prune -f
# remove all images
docker image prune -a

docker image pull

docker image pull $image_name

docker image push

docker image push $image_name

docker image rm

docker image rm $image_name

docker image save

docker image save -o $path_to_file $image_name

docker image tag

docker image tag $image_name $new_image_name

网络命令

docker network create

docker network create superbridge
docker network create --driver bridge superbridge
docker run --net superbridge

docker network ls

docker network ls

docker network inspect

docker network inspect $network_name
docker network inspect bridge

docker network connet

docker network connet bridge $container_name

docker network prune

docker network prune

存储卷命令

docker volume create

docker volume create $volume_name

docker volume inspect

docker volume inspect $volume_name

docker volume ls

docker volume ls

docker volume prune

# remove all unused volumes
docker volume prune
# force remove all unused volumes
docker volume prune -f

docker volume rm

docker volume rm $volume_name